The Evolution of Physics

Introduction  The Higgs boson, often referred to as the "Higgs particle," is a fundamental piece of the puzzle in the world of particle physics. As part of the Standard Model, it is crucial to our understanding of how particles acquire mass. This elusive particle is born from the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, an essential element in particle physics theory. The Higgs boson is a massive scalar boson, meaning it has no spin and interacts with mass. It has zero electric charge and no color charge. This particle is highly unstable and decays into other particles almost immediately after being created. The Higgs field itself is composed of two neutral and two electrically charged components, forming a complex doublet of the weak isospin SU(2) symmetry. The unique shape of the Higgs field's potential energy, often described as a "Sombrero potential," allows it to take a nonzero value everywhere, even in otherwise empty space. This breaks the weak isospin symm...

Introduction An Einstein ring is an astronomical phenomenon named after the famous physicist Albert Einstein. It occurs when light from a distant object, such as a galaxy or star, passes by a massive object, like another galaxy, on its way to Earth. The gravity of the massive object bends the light, creating a ring-like appearance around the massive object due to gravitational lensing. This effect was predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity and is a spectacular visual representation of how massive objects can warp space-time. Einstein rings are rare and provide valuable information about the distribution of dark matter in the lensing galaxy and the properties of the source galaxy or star. Some stunning images of Einstein's rings Ref:  Hubble Captures a Stunning 'Einstein Ring' Magnifying The Depths of The Universe Space-Time Wrap The concept of objects warping space-time comes from theory of general relativity. According to this theory, massive objects lik...

Introduction Bending Light, Revealing the Universe: to Gravitational Lensing Imagine a cosmic magnifying glass, so powerful it can distort and warp the very fabric of spacetime, revealing hidden galaxies and unlocking secrets of the universe. This isn't science fiction; it's the reality of gravitational lensing, a phenomenon predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity. This mind-bending effect occurs when the immense gravity of massive objects, like galaxies or galaxy clusters, bends the light from even more distant objects behind them. Instead of travelling in a straight line, the light is forced to curve, creating distorted and magnified images that can appear as streaks, arcs, or even multiple copies of the same object. In this blog, we'll delve into the fascinating world of gravitational lensing. We'll explore how it works, from the basic principles of general relativity to the different types of lensing effects. We'll examine some of the most stunn...